Guide

Mitochondrial and longevity-associated peptides

Built from index records dated 2026-10-09 Compiled by an automated pipeline, checked by The Peptide Observer editorial desk How this site works

Mitochondrial and longevity-associated peptides is a group of 7 entries in this index, of which this site describes 3 and holds 4 back pending review.

Only the described entries are counted anywhere on this page.

What this group is

This group holds 7 entries.

No entry in this group carries a receptor or a pathway in its records. The group is held together by the research subject its literature shares, not by a mechanism, and this site does not invent one for it.

The entries described here

MOTS-c

12 records kept: 8 in rodents, 4 not stated. The records kept here are animal and laboratory studies only.
Epitalon

12 records kept: 6 in rodents, 6 not stated. The records kept here are animal and laboratory studies only.
FOXO4-DRI

12 records kept: 7 in rodents, 5 not stated. The records kept here are animal and laboratory studies only.

Publication years of all 36 records kept for the described entries in this group. Oldest 2006, newest 2026. An old record is not a worse record, but a group whose marks all sit to the left has not been looked at recently.

What is held back

4 entries in this group are built and then held back, because publishing them without a qualified reviewer would risk being read as medical guidance. They are: Humanin, Elamipretide, Glutathione and Carnosine. This page says nothing about what their records contain. Why entries are held back.

What is not known

Whether the members of this group have anything in common beyond what the counts above show. A shared receptor is a shared target, not a shared result.
What any of these entries does in a body. Nothing on this site has been read in full, and no record here has been appraised by anyone qualified to appraise it.
Anything at all about the held-back entries named above, beyond the fact that they exist and are being withheld.

Where this comes from

This page reprints no wording from the underlying index. These are the published records that index cites for the existence of this group, listed so the grouping can be checked rather than taken on trust.

Humanin: a harbinger of mitochondrial-derived peptides?. Trends in endocrinology and metabolism: TEM (2013). pmid:23402768
The Mitochondrial-Encoded Peptide MOTS-c Translocates to the Nucleus to Regulate Nuclear Gene Expression in Response to Metabolic Stress. Cell metabolism (2018). pmid:29983246
Mitochondrial protein interaction landscape of SS-31. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (2020). pmid:32554501
AEDG Peptide (Epitalon) Stimulates Gene Expression and Protein Synthesis during Neurogenesis: Possible Epigenetic Mechanism. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) (2020). pmid:32019204
The mitochondrial-derived peptide MOTS-c promotes metabolic homeostasis and reduces obesity and insulin resistance. Cell metabolism (2015). pmid:25738459
MOTS-c is an exercise-induced mitochondrial-encoded regulator of age-dependent physical decline and muscle homeostasis. Nature communications (2021). pmid:33473109
The mitochondrial-targeted compound SS-31 re-energizes ischemic mitochondria by interacting with cardiolipin. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN (2013). pmid:23813215
Humanin peptide suppresses apoptosis by interfering with Bax activation. Nature (2003). pmid:12732850
Epithalon peptide induces telomerase activity and telomere elongation in human somatic cells. Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine (2003). pmid:12937682